In essence, specifications are about communication and the exchange of information between the Customer, the designer, the contractor and all stakeholders in the project. For example, some testing programs may require a very formal testing and certification approach using an independent (i.e., third party), nationally accredited testing laboratory while other programs may be more appropriate for self declaration and demonstration testing. Date and place where the product was manufactured. 0000066668 00000 n
In these cases, it may be desirable to partition the specifications into subsets of functionality. 0000003290 00000 n
determine equivalency. Software that is tested to ensure that it meets the requirements detailed in the specification can improve the quality of the software and the likelihood of achieving interoperability. Its use is called for where a structure or
My company Sofeast, can probably help you. An example would be a recipe for a food . Sample 1 Sample 2 Tip - Never design and make a product if there is an 'off-the-shelf' part available. Specifications can be prepared in a
legitimate needs. trailer
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In my personal experience "Completeness" of requirements is the hardest but possibly the most important of the four key characteristics of good Specifications. This button displays the currently selected search type. 0000004956 00000 n
A reference implementation is an implementation of a standard that is by definition conformant to that standard. 6. The conformance clause may specify minimal requirements for certain functions and minimal requirements for implementation-dependent values. Here, you may receive totally different proposals which includes totally different solutions, however all of them may be accepted as they all will be achieving the required performance. Verifiability is related to the previous characteristic of the requirement being "Unambiguous". Secure .gov websites use HTTPS If
The testing program should strive to be as impartial and objective as possible, i.e., to remove subjectivity of both the procedures and the testing tools. in-house terminology. by vendors to add products to the QPL. Give examples of conformance specification. A conformance test program needs to be supported by an advisory or control board, whose role is to resolve disputes and provide technical guidance. both product and price competition requires that specifications
) or https:// means youve safely connected to the .gov website. Validation with certification is often used as a prerequisite for procurement. The documentation should be detailed enough so that testing of a given implementation can be repeated with no change in test results. Conformance tests should be used by implementers early-on in the development process, to improve the quality of their implementations and by industry associations wishing to administer a testing and certification program. The following discussion defines conformance and conformance testing as well as describes the components of a conformance testing program. Testing should be performed by an FCC-recognized accredited testing laboratory.. Often a hybrid of these is appropriate -- i.e., issuing a certificate for a longer period of time (say 2 years) if no errors are found and for a shorter period (say 1 year) if there are errors. With any standard or specification, eventually the discussion turns to "how will we know if an implementation or application conforms to our standard or specification?" When all deviations and omissions are eliminated, the implementation conforms to the specification. In 1991, ISO/IEC DIS 10641 defined conformance testing as "test to evaluate the adherence or non-adherence of a candidate implementation to a standard." Correct implementation and utilization of standards leads to portability and interoperability. BRAND-NAME SPECIFICATIONS: The
brand-name-or-equal specification cites one or more brand-names,
Two sets of test suites were built, one for DOM with an ECMAScript binding and the other with a Java binding. @hA hbF`h`. quantity scheduled purchases. A good specification should do four things: (1)
The decision to issue a certificate is based on the testing results and established criteria for issuing certificates. Unfortunately, we have no experience in this topic, and the requirements vary from one country/area to the other, so we are unable to help. Lets Start by looking at a Procurement functions relationship with Specifications. Lets take an example. These are certainly all legitimate requirements but they are far from complete. It will be super helpful to build on that. There are many types of testing including testing for performance, robustness, behavior, functions and interoperability. Often times, errors or ambiguities in the specification are discovered. A good specification should do four things: (1) Identify minimum requirements, (2) allow for a competitive bid, (3) list reproducible test methods to be used in testing for compliance with specifications, and (4) provide for an equitable award at the lowest possible cost. It, in turn, refers to other parts of the standard. submitted written justification to this effect and the Director
For NIST's participation in XML/DOM conformance testing, see "XML-Based Technologies. quotation request --------------------------------------------------------------------------------, Lisa J. Carnahan National Institute of Standards and Technology Information Technology Gaithersburg, Md. Conformance and Performance Specifications 1. It is possible for a standard to have both profiles and levels defined for the entire specification (i.e., an implementer could choose to implement any one of (number of profiles) x (number of levels) subsets). If you do not use a third party laboratory, you may label this section N/A. If the mattresses being certified are for cribs or childrens size mattresses, please see the requirements for issuing a CPC. Although the terms validation and conformance testing are often interchanged, they are not the same. Typically, a design conforms to requirements and work products conform to both design and requirements. The sponsor has a fundamental interest in ensuring the success of the program. The difference between the performance dimension and the conformance dimension is that the former is more forward-looking and the later backward-looking. 1. What makes a good specification in procurement? 0000002442 00000 n
A locked padlock It is important to note that certification cannot exist without validation, but validation can exist without certification. Tip - The purchase specification is to allow purchasing to seek competitive quotations by forwarding the purchase specification to prospective suppliers. On the other hand, the policy might be that a certificate is issued (or a claim of conformance is made) only if no errors are found. Share sensitive information only on official, secure websites. That school sees planning as "strategic The Procurement cycle is covered extensively within the CIPS . It here unfortunatley all to often a stage where procurement are left out and not involved from the very begining stages. %PDF-1.3
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I will be discussing topics covering all aspects of the Supply chain (particularly Procurement) fuctions, Change Managment ideas and theories and IT software solutions (General focus being ERPSystems such as INFOR M3)For business needs. Does a KitchenAid have a juicer attachment? Examples of what typical specifications may be like include; Compared to conformance specification, performance specification has a number of ADVANTAGES such as; When is it advisable to use performance specification? 2. 7 What is the definition of quality of conformance? (a) Special marking as required under the applicable Military Specification [e.g. I like the point about cost only .. PDF Recommendations of Specifications, Standards, and Ecolabels for Federal This bulletin presents an overview of conformance and addresses conformance to the World Wide Web Consortium (W3C) Recommendations for the Extensible Markup Language (XML) family of specifications. Is this a requirement that comes from a particular type of user? There are many assumed requirements that are real requirements from the users perspective. what cost. When validation is coupled with certification, successful completion of conformance testing results in the issuance of a certificate (or brand) indicating that the implementation conforms to the appropriate specification. (IUT) is the object that is being tested for conformance. The general definition for conformance has changed over time and been refined for specific standards. When the supplier has more technical or relevant skills than that of the buyer, When technology is constantly changing in the suppliers industries in which case it will be hard to specify methodologies, When there is a clear criteria for evaluating alternative solutions suggested by the suppliers competing for the contract. A testing laboratory can be an organization or individual, and can either be accredited from a formal accreditation organization such as NIST's National Voluntary Laboratory Accreditation Program (NVLAP) or recognized by the buyer, seller, and certificate issuer, as qualified to perform the testing. Performance purchasing is results orientated in terms
When there is enough time to assess the functionality of the product as proposed, Confirm Sign Up via the Email you provided, Get WEEKLY updates on Business, Finance & Legal aspects, Click to share on Twitter (Opens in new window), Click to share on Facebook (Opens in new window), CIPS L5M4 Advanced Contract and Financial Management, CIPS LEVEL 3 ADVANCED CERTIFICATE IN PROCUREMENT AND SUPPLY OPERATIONS, Cips level 4 DIPLOMA IN PROCUREMENT AND SUPPLY, Legal aspects in entrepreneurship (Mini EBook), Pricing arrangements in commercial agreements, Proposing solutions to customers problems, WELCOME TO THE ZERITE NETWORK TAX TRAINING PROGRAM, The efficacy of specifications does not depend on technical knowledge of the buyer, Supplier can use their creativity to develop the products. Reference method tests and PEMS drift tests are conducted to determine conformance of the PEMS with the specification. Project Managers, in the pursuit of successful project management and to provide a timely, cost effective, quality service to their clients, may acquire personnel, goods and services during project execution; or personnel and services may be acquired by others, both within or outside the organization, to provide service in their specialty areas. According to the FCC (47 CFR Section 2.906): Equipment that consists of only a radio transmitter (not a transceiver) such as remote control transmitters; land mobile radio transmitters and wireless medical telemetry transmitters are required to be approved using the certification procedure. The performance
Portability is the ability to move software programs or applications among different computer systems with minimal change. Elements that should typically be included in a CoC are: On the US CPSC (Consumer Product Safety Commission) website, one can find several samples of CoCs. DEVELOPING SPECIFICATIONS: Although Contact information for the individual maintaining records of test results: Provide the name, full mailing address, e-mail address, and telephone number of the person maintaining test records in support of the certification. BRAND-NAME-OR-EQUAL SPECIFICATIONS: A
Depending on the type of specification (e.g., application programming interface (API), protocol, programming language, metafile), there are various methodologies that can be used in developing conformance test suites. Java and all Java based marks are trademarks or registered trademarks of Sun Microsystems, Inc., in the United States and other countries. TYPES OF SPECIFICATIONS WHEN CONTRACTING | plus pdf download 0000006359 00000 n
Lock A specification details the requirements of the procurement. Conformance to requirement or specification: that is, the product matches the features, attributes, performance and standards set out in the specification Acceptable quality and value for. The overall purpose of a
Materials used must be
for different products. It is not sufficient to have this paper, of course. What are the purpose of specification in procurement? Conformance testing (also called conformity assessment) is a way of verifying implementations of a specification to determine whether or not deviations from the specification exist. [Importers Guide], What is a certificate of conformity (CoC). j.h8 4 Examples of Conformance Quality. The XSLT test suite will allow users to customize the test suite to filter out optional category tests. Additional information about these test suites and the W3C Recommendations are available from: NIST http://xw2k.nist.gov/xml/index.html, OASIS http://www.oasis-open.org/committees. Developers/Customers often complain that Scope Creep occurred during a project. 3. Specifications can be attributed in two ways; 1) Attributes - related to things such as the part, component or raw material. prepare all specifications. https://www.nist.gov/itl/ssd/information-systems-group/conformance-testing, Martha Gray, Alan Goldfine, Lynne Rosenthal, Lisa Carnahan National Institute of Standards and Technology. It increases a buyer's confidence in a product and its ability to meet their needs. Define performance specification. 0000002922 00000 n
Speaking generally, one is the specification that
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SPP Regions Expert Workshop - Copenhagen June 15th 2016 Performance / Output Based Specifications (POBS) are the foundation for a purchasing approach commonly called Performance Based Contracting. 3. The procedures should also contain information on what must be done operationally when failures occur. FCC (47 CFR Section 2.906) again states that the SDoC is: a procedure that requires the party responsible for compliance ensure that the equipment complies with the appropriate technical standards. required, testing methods, and characteristics that the
Alternatively, the Java test suite can be downloaded and run locally. In essence this is less rigid than conformance specification. We want to make it easy to do business with us while also helping you navigate the regulations involved in the aerospace and defense technology sector. A lock ( In 1996 ISO/IEC Guide 2 defined the three major terms used in this field. specifications must explain in detail the results
manufacturers' names, brand names and model numbers, but it is
Standards, Specifications and Purchase Descriptions - Buyandsell.gc.ca 1. ISO/IEC TR 13233 defined conformance and conformity as "fulfillment by a product, process or service of all relevant specified conformance requirements." Share sensitive information only on official, secure websites. However, this is generally impossible for implementations of nontrivial specifications. Therefore, a CoC (whereby the blade manufacturer writes that the blades conform to specific checklists) must be provided. Falsification testing can only demonstrate non-conformance. sizable latitude in how to accomplish the end purpose. and others may require laboratory tests. If such a list is provided, the starting point for the development of the test suite is the list of assertions for the standard. Lock 0000007885 00000 n
Validation is the process of testing software for compliance with applicable specifications or standards. specifications customarily employ dimensional and other physical
suitability of specifications, Procurement cannot initiate or
Why "Conforming to Spec" Isn't Enough Notwithstanding this spending, 50% to 70% of all major software projects fail due to software quality and interoperability problems. Environment working temperature is between 15C 40C. It is also possible that implementations may not be able to implement all the features. Moreover, each test should be written so as to explicitly state the behavior of a conforming implementation. of function and cost. more interested in how it performs, how well it performs, and at
Performance decision-centered view, as the name suggests, are decisions. 0000066380 00000 n
Procurement serves as the primary
Supplier Resources. "functional" and "performance" are used
There are many organizations, including private sector companies, standards group, consortia, and government agencies that develop conformance tests and/or tools. Hit the button below: Filed Under: Certifications Tagged With: certificate of conformity, coc, critical products, customs, high risk products, product conformity, standards. Contracting officers must assess the adequacy and applicability of any standards, specifications, including client-developed specifications, or purchase descriptions included by a client in the requisition. In other cases, batch CoC would be good enough. capabilities that are pertinent to the intended use of the
is less interested in dimensions and materials and configurations
DESIGN SPECIFICATIONS: Design
The buyer uses the results of the testing to verify that a seller provides a product that conforms to the specification and meet procurement requirements. Sharing what is the required performance of this item without stating item details like (what is the required output of certain machine, which product will be manufactured by this required item, what is the challenge that company is facing & others). This button displays the currently selected search type. requirements. 136 Conformance vs. The problem here however is the chance that the person who raised the requisition may well change their mind or refine the specification as quotes begin to arrive. %
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Design specifications are an interpretation of what the customer needs. 4M%m8Kxq@D0P-
E62e(S4O#?s3,!Ms%iTZa5 @!.MOzNRU!+9nI a. Conformance Testing | NIST legitimate but limited place in public purchasing. Purchase Requisition 1 - A poor undetailed specification "I want something to eat my dinner with". Official websites use .gov On the one hand, a conformance certificate (or a claim of conformance) might only state that an implementation had been tested to completion, and provide a list of the errors that were found. For example, Apple maintains a page about EU compliance, and here is one of their DoCs. Who does the testing? products are equal and this basis must be predicated upon
John Spacey, May 01, 2017. There is sometimes confusion between the two terms, however, in most cases, these two terms mean exactly the same thing and often comes down to the personal preference of the company that needs the certificate. 0000005716 00000 n
A QPL is
This early stage work also provides an understanding of the performance requirements of the project, so that when discussions develop on complexes, entities, space, locations, elements, systems and products, these form part of the build-up of a specification. Technical Specifications and their Role in the Process: Solicitation The conformance clause of a standard specification is a high-level description of what is required of implementers and application developers. Performance responsibilities focus on strategy, value creation and resource utilization whereas conformance responsibilities focus on providing assurance to stakeholders that the organization . However, this is generally impossible for implementations of nontrivial specifications that are written in a natural language. A good conformance clause is the ultimate goal of these guidelines, and is sanctioned by conformance to this specification. the methods for establishing and maintaining a QPL varies widely
In recent years, the term conformity has gained international use and has generally replaced the term conformance in ISO documents. BioPreferred Program - Federal Purchasing. Product List (QPL). Get in touch with me and I will give you a tailored recommendation or quotation. They can then make any necessary corrections to allow the implementation to conform. 0000007164 00000 n
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Conformance clause and specification wording. BIFMA Compliant: Next-Level Confidence in Furniture Specification Specification | Procurement JourneyConformance to Specifications Sample Clauses | Law Insider Some importers choose to purchase components for their new products that are already certified to avoid needing to go through the testing and certification process. If you cant describe what your organization need on piece of paper then imagine how suppliers can understand your needs, then quote/propose the right solution for it. CIPS L4M3 REVISION NOTES | Guide to developing specifications The validation process consists of the steps necessary to perform the conformance testing by using an official test suite in a prescribed manner. PDF EXAMPLE PERFORMANCE SPECIFICATIONS Example Specifications and Test Give examples of performance specification. In contraast, see Performance or Functional Specifications . Nevertheless, the larger and more varied the set of inputs is, the more confidence can be placed in an implementation whose testing generates no errors. DEFINITIONS 2.1 Centroidal Area. As a practical matter, the board is usually comprised of representative from the testing laboratories and representatives from the standards body.
