Archetypal Criticism of Othello Othello, one of Shakespeare's most popular tragedies, is full of symbols, motifs, and themes that make it relatable to people all over the world. Literary Critics on Othello. Othello's Integrity One of Othello's admirable qualities is that he believes that men should be transparent and honest as he is; "Certain, men should be what they seem" (Act 3 Scene 3 Line 134). Another important influence was Carl Gustav Jung (1875-1961) who used the term archetype to what he called "primordial images". In Re-Visioning Psychology, the published text of his 1972 Yale Terry Lectures (the same lecture series Jung gave in 1937), Hillman locates the archetypal neither in the physiology of the brain, the structure of language, the organization of society, nor the analysis of behavior, but in the processes of imagination (xi). Even though Othello had a reputation as a hero, he ends up being one of the most gullible characters in the play when he completely falls into the evil trap that Iago set for him. And concomitantly, on which of these levels was the reader affected? Othello Act 4, scene 2 Summary & Analysis | LitCharts The tragedy of Othello, written by William Shakespeare, presents the main character Othello, as a respectable, honorable, and dignified man, but because of his insecurities and good nature, he is easily taken advantage of and manipulated by his peers and alleged friends. Innocent characters also suffer, like Desdemona. Iago will direct the remainder of the play, constructing Othellos down-fall out of the flimsiest evidence and playing on the strengths and weaknesses of Othellos nature and the doubts that erode Othellos faith in Desdemona. Wow! Texts and Contexts: Writing About Literature with Critical Theory. By the end of the play, he has brought down his world around him with the relentless force that made him a great general turned inward, destroying both what he loved best in another and in himself. Archetypal school of literary criticism is a type of literary criticism that is concerned with recurring myths and archetypes in symbols, characters, actions, and situations within literary pieces. Using an archetypal literary criticism, Harry Potter can be analyzed by focusing on different archetypes, such as, symbols, images, and character types in the text. These patterns and themes, often referred to as archetypes, are believed to be present in the collective unconscious of all human beings . To wronged Othellos service. By trying to hide the fact that Othello had murdered her, Desdemona has chosen to put the honor of their love above honesty. Aristotles theory is not the final word on tragedy, however it can support in pinpointing the pivotal traits in. The movie Zootopia uses animals to portray racism and sexism; predators do not like prey and vice versa. the characters in Shakespeare's play Othello ever challenge the right of a husband to murder a wife accused of adultery. Unfortunately, this got the ball rolling for Othello's inevitable downfall. Othello Character Analysis | LitCharts Archetypal criticism, then, construed as that derived from Jung's theory and practice of archetypal (analytical) psychology, is a fledgling and much misconstrued field of inquiry with significant but still unrealized potential for the study of literature and of aesthetics in general. I am hitherto your daughter. Othello is a train wreck that the audience horrifyingly witnesses, helpless to prevent or look away. PDF A Freudian Psychoanalysis on The Character, Othello while we are reading any of [Shakespeare's] great criminal characters - we think not so much of the crimes which they commit, as of the ambition, the aspiring spirit, the intellectual activity which prompts them to . Of all Shakespeares tragedies . One excellent example of such an approach, G. M. Matthews's 'Othello and the Dignity of Man', has been referred to at the end of the section devoted to historical and social criticism. This preview is partially blurred. What Is Archetypal Criticism? (with pictures) - Language Humanities In addition, Othello is far from being a perfect character - another quality that meets Aristotle's requirements. The contrast is most pronounced from the beginning of the play to its conclusion, switching from being calm and peaceful to acts of uncontrolled venomous rage. If after every tempest come such calms, Archetypal Criticism - Chirila - Major Reference Works - Wiley Online Human emotions have a lot of power over how we react to situations in life, the trick is learning how to not let them take over. Of one that loved not wisely but too well, And the 1980s saw a new, suggestive, and controversial direction in archetypal studies of literature: the feminist. The tragic hero archetype is used in many different pieces of writing and with every character comes a different way of using it. Each literary theory will examine the text through different lenses, resulting in different interpretations. Did you find something inaccurate, misleading, abusive, or otherwise problematic in this essay example? An equal case can be made that Iago here completes his role as Vice, borrowed from the medieval morality plays, sealing the Faustian bargain for Othellos soul in this mock or black marriage scene. At mid-century, Canadian critic Northrop Frye (1912-91) introduced new distinctions in literary criticism between myth and archetype. After the. Archetypal Literary Criticism | PDF | Shadow (Psychology) - Scribd His destruction is essentially precipitated by his own actions, as well as by the actions of the characters surrounding him. archetypal criticism in othelloboone county wv obituaries. The execution of his wit, hands, heart PPT - Archetypal Criticism PowerPoint Presentation, free download - ID And new theories increasingly give credence to the requirement, historically asserted by Jungian readers, that each text elicit a personal, affective, and not merely intellectual response. Eventually, this leads to Othellos suicide. Hillman invokes Henri Corbin (1903-78), French scholar, philosopher, and mystic known for his work on Islam, as the second father of archetypal psychology. http://www.kibin.com/essay-examples/an-archetype-criticism-of-othello-a-play-by-william-shakespeare-yJF4zltX Be sure to capitalize proper nouns (e.g. Emilia comes into the couples bedroom after Othello smothers Desdemona, but hears Desdemona cry out. PDF Archetypal/Mythological Criticism Othello falls in love with Desdemona and they secretly marry; later, he leaves to Cyprus to stop the Turks. Frazers and Jungs texts formed the basis of two allied but ultimately different courses of influence on literary history. The traits of the tragic hero lead the audience to feel compassion for the helpless victim. As Iago asserts to Roderigo, Virtue? BASIC PREMISES OF ARCHETYPAL THEORY: 1. And will upon the instant put thee tot. Othello Archetypal Tragic Hero Analysis - 1236 Words | Bartleby He ends up killing her out of jealousy; when she does not deserve it. Following his anatomizing of the painfully introspective intellectual Hamlet, Shakespeare, at the height of his ability to probe human nature and to dramatize it in action and language, treats Hamlets temperamental oppositethe man of action. Historical Criticism in Othello by Marissa Willette - Prezi Some of these include the downfall from high position Othello goes from being the general, to being convicted of being a murderer. They also attest to his self-confessed lack of interest in literature: I feel not naturally drawn to what one calls literature, but I am strangely attracted by genuine fiction, i.e., fantastical invention (Letters 1:509). The moment he showed violence towards Desdemona, the audience lost interest in comforting Othello. Archetypal Criticism - SlideShare If we carefully examine the third scene in the third act, we can see how Othello fits into Aristotle's definition of tragic hero. Archetypal criticism focuses on such things in a work. Othello, unlike the other Shakespearean comedies, adds three more acts to the romantic drama, shifting from comic affirmation to tragic negation. Dramatically, Shakespeare turns the focus of the play from the shocking crime to its causes and psychic significance, trans-forming Cinthios intrigue story of vile murder into one of the greatest dramatic meditations on the nature of love and its destruction. Myth criticism grew in part as a reaction to the formalism of New Criticism, while archetypal criticism based on Jung was never linked with any academic tradition and remained organically bound to its roots in depth psychology: the individual and collective psyche, dreams, and the analytic process. This assignment is intended to encourage you, and require you . Archetypal Criticism Archetypal criticism argues that archetypes determine the form and function of literary works, . O, damn her, damn her! Ralph Manheim, 1974); Morris Philipson, Outline of a Jungian Aesthetic (1963, reprint, 1991); Annis Pratt et al., Archetypal Patterns in Womens Fiction (1981); Jos van Meurs and John Kidd, Jungian Literary Criticism, 1920-1980: An Annotated Critical Bibliography of Works in English (with a Selection of Titles after 1980) (1988); William K. Wimsatt, Jr., and Cleanth Brooks, Literary Criticism: A Short History (1957). Frye's work helped displace New Criticism as the major mode of analyzing literary texts . This book established the priority of interest in the archetypal over the mythological. Reading example essays works the same way! (V.2.316, 323) It is beyond a doubt Othello's fault that all of this wreckage befalls him, and his still has not had a moment of recognition of his failures at reasoning and understanding. To furnish me with some swift means of death The Critical Analysis Of A Novel: Atonement By Ian Mcewan Atonement by Ian McEwan is a literary masterpiece and a highly critically acclaimed novel. As hells from heaven. Free Essay On The Villain Archetype As Portrayed Through Othello And OTHELLO: Iago critics - Litchapter.com I took by th throat the circumcisd dog, Farewell / Commend me to my kind lord. Other forms previously labeled Jungian are here subsumed under the term archetypal because whatever their immediate specific focus, these forms operate on a set of assumptions derived from Jung and accept the depth-psychological structure posited by Jung. Mythological Criticism Their discourse is conducted in poetic language; that is, their notions of soul-making come from the Romantics, especially William Blake and John Keats. Jung and the Humanities: Toward a Hermeneutics of Culture. An archetype is recurrent. Essays may be lightly modified for readability or to protect the anonymity of contributors, but we do not edit essay examples prior to publication. 2. . Othello accused her of being unfaithful, when she never was. They were built to defen the city of Nicosia during the Otto-man Venetian war. Kibin, 2023, www.kibin.com/essay-examples/an-archetype-criticism-of-othello-a-play-by-william-shakespeare-yJF4zltX. Othello, likewise, has tradud the state and has changed from noble and valiant Othello to a beast, with the passion that ennobled him shown as corrosive and demeaning. http://www.kibin.com/essay-examples/an-archetype-criticism-of-othello-a-play-by-william-shakespeare-yJF4zltX, ("An Archetype Criticism of Othello, a Play by William Shakespeare. The Fables of Identity: Studies in Poetic Mythology is a critical work published in 1963. Issues of genre, period, and language were ignored or subjected to gross generalization as Jung searched for universals in texts as disparate as the fourth-century Shepherd of Hermas, the Divine Comedy, Francesco Colonnas Hypnerotomachia Poliphili (1499), E. T. A. Hoffmans tales, Pierre Benoits LAtlantide (1919-20), and Henry Wadsworth Longfellows Hiawatha, as well as works by Carl Spitteler and William Blake. Othello is generally regarded as Shakespeares greatest stage play, the closest he would ever come to conforming to the constrained rules of Aristotelian tragedy. Witness that here Iago doth give up It is in Act 3 Scene 3 where Othello takes on a new persona, where his confidence and happiness is tragically replaced with jealousy and rage. A feminist critique of the character Desdemona in Shakespeares "Othello Othello - Shakespeare Birthplace Trust A tragic hero has many characteristics, 3 of them being that they must have an error in judgement, they must have a reversal of fortune, and they must recognize that the reversal of fortune was brought about by their own actions. I know not ift be true; But I, for mere suspicion in that kind, Will do as if for surety (2.1. He turns to Iago, who has been brought before him to know the reason for his actions. For the onlookers on stage, the final tableau of the dead Desdemona and Othello poisons sight and provokes the command to Let it be hid. The witnesses on stage cannot compute rationally what has occurred nor why, but the audience has been given a privileged view of the battle between good and evil worked out in the private recesses of a bedroom and a human soul. "Who can control his fate?" She is not as strong-willed like the other ladies and is Shakespeares example of the archetype of the innocence and has the bases of a flat character.
